ACEHNESE: the Seamen from the Archipelago

During the era of Alexandre the Great, Sumatera seamen had regularly visited Indian harbours. Also recorded was a certain man from Sumatera paid a visit to the Roman empire, Cladius. And according to the account of Idrisi, Acehnese seamen had landed and settled down in Madagascar in 10th century. Taking into considerations the ability of the highly skilled Acehnese seamen in sailing through the vast ocean and also the strategic location of Aceh, we may assume that at the earliest stages of’globalization’, Acehnese seamen did introduce Nusantara (i.e. Indonesia) to the world by visiting the Middle East,Africa, Asia Minor, and Italy.
In his book “Geographike Uplehesis” or “Golden Cherenoses” Ptolomeus noted in his world map that easternmost island was Yabadiou which sounds almost identical with Yawadwipa.
In volume 7, he pointed out that the port of Yabadiou, called Argyre or Kota Perak, was situated in the westernmost of the island of Yabadiou, the soil was fertile, and it produced gold… It definitely refered to Banda Aceh, because in those days this city harbour had become a crowded entrepot

The Origin of The Name “ACEH”

No one can tell exactly, let alone scientifically, the origin of the name “Aceh”;even Acehnese language lacks any word which sounds like nor bears any implication to the meaning of “Aceh”. Although not supported by evidence, there is a folk-lore which is quite popular among the people on the origin of “Aceh”.
…in search of her little sister, an Indian princess arrived in Sumatera island. She found her there and told the local people that the girl was her ACI or her little sister. Since the people were fond her and behaved well, they made her their queen, and the area where they lived was then called ACI…
Van Langen said the origin of the name Aceh is ACA or ATCA, an Indian word meaning “beautiful’.

Enchanting Cultures

Regional cultures are the source of national culture. Therefore, any measures to preserve and improve the regional cultures should be initiated from the supporting elements.

As the logical consequences of Aceh’s strategic location in Malaka Straits, inter-relations with foreign people and cultures are unavoidable. When Islam has been fully accepted in Acehnese life, however, the openness to foreign elements are selective and strictly conditioned by one prerequisite: “provided they (the foreign elements) are not in contradiction with the Devine laws and codes of Islam applicable to human life”. This is the basic foundation of Acehnese moral obligation and at the same time becomes the moral objectives in the development efforts of this region.

Folktales

Folktales have become parts of the Acehnese life. They play important roles in preserving the regional languages and literatures, and are frequently reflected in fine arts and dances. In general, Acehnese folktales are the manifestation of the teachings of Islam, such as in “Hikayat Perang Sabih”, “Hikayat Aceh Barulkarim”, “Hikayat Tungku Malam”. Themes and messages pertaining to character buildings and good conducts can be easily absorbed by Acehnese people through folktales and stories. Therefore, they should be well kept and studied at all times.

There are about 80 folktales in the local languages of Aceh, Gayo, Jamee, Tamiang, and Simeuleu. People of all ages are fond of the stories as told by story tellers. Unfortunately, the role of the story tellers is weakening as the result of the influx of radio, television and other electronic audio visual media. It does not mean, however, that folktales themselves are automatically disappearing following the incoming of modern means of communications.

They still survive and remain popular among the people. Stories originated from pre-Islam period when shaman was the central figure in the society, are still recited and attractive to many listeners. Examples: “Adoman”, a personification of ape similar to “Anoman” in the Indian story “Rama and Shinta”; “Periedende” or human-like tiger; “Imo” and “Sihitam Pekat” (Gayo folktale) on the importance of brotherhood and willingness to sacrifice; “Siterong Bungkuk”, on the obligation to honour parents,etc.

When Islam was accepted fully as the only religion, there had been, and still are nowadays, stories on moral obligations and conducts among others:”Paya Terbang”, “Sepatah Kata Sekati Emas”, “Putri Parakisan”,etc.

Aceh Women : The Pride of Aceh People

Aceh women have placed themselves in a special and honourable position in the history of Aceh. Dozens of them had earned great names and thousands died during the war against the Dutch. Admiral Malahayati, Teungku Fakinah, Cut Nyak Dhien, Cut Meutia, Pocut Meurah Intan, Pocut Baren, Teungku Fatimah are only a few of the heroines directly involved in the war. Their names have been eternally engraved in the history of Aceh and praised by friends and enemies. The courageous Admiral Malahayati and her “Inong Bale” Fleet have been immortalized by a Dutch writer,Marie Van Zuchtelen, in her book The Female Admiral: Malahayati.

Based on the historical data, in 17^th century Aceh was governed by four princesses consecutively. They were: Naqiatuddin, Zakiatuddin, Kamelat Syah and Naqiatuddin. Aceh women could play and indirect but decive role in government matters. Princess Lindung Bulan, for instance, was the assistant of her own father, Raja Muda Sedia in Negeri Benua Tamieng (part of Peureulak kingdom) in 14^th century. Another prominent figure was Putri Pahang, popularly known as Putrou Pohang, the wife of Sultan Iskandar Muda. She put forwad the idea of establishing a Conculative Council of the People, or a Parliament. Whe, aterialized 16 out of 73 members of the Council were women.

The role of Aceh women today, and in the future as well, is essentially a reflection of the past, since they have been equipped with and unwavering tradition and a solid religious conviction.

Fasting for Diabetes Patient

Glucose fluctuation always frightened by patient, during fasting period (on Ramadhan). To avoid hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia is with a good consumption strategy. So many people breakfast with huge meals that is could be a trigger increasing glucose. Before fasting, patient should control her/his glucose level, if in the hypoglycemia condition, fasting is not recommended.

Why Do Patient Should Take Care Their Meals in Fasting Period?

1. Prevent hypoglycemia

2. Avoid hyperglycemia

3. Dehydration handling

4. Keep the ideal weight

5. A barirrier free for daily activity

How The Schedule?

Non FASTING

07. 00 am : Breakfast

10.00 am : Snack

12.00 am : Lunch

04.00 pm : Snack

07.00 pm : Dinner

FASTING

03.00 am : Supper

06.00 pm : Breakfast

07.00 pm : Dinner

09.00 pm : Snack

Note :

1. Schedule for Dinner/Lunch ? Supper

2. Schedule for snack on he morning + afternoon ? Breakfast

3. Schedule for Dinner/Lunch ? Dinner

4. Schedule for Breakfast? Snack after dinner

Fasting Tips:

· Always have supper

· Complete Meals

· Breakfast On Time

· Variant Menus

· Consump more fresh water

· Less Chili

The Origin of Acehnese

About 3,00 BC a migration took place from the continent to the south. Destination: the western island of Indonesia. They settled down and had became the origins of Indonesian people. However, it is not impossible that the earliest migration took place long before 3,00 BC, say 300,000 years ago, when the archipelago was still part of the continent. The race migrated through the land was known as Pithecanthropus erectus.

During the Stone Age Period, a Malay race living in the continent migrated to the south. They Had been familiar with planting and cattle-farming methods. The first batch was known as Proto (Old) Malay and the second Detro (Young) Malay. When the Old Malay who refused to intergrate with new comers they were forced to live in hinterland and became the ancestors and the Bataks and Nias in North Sumatera, and Gayo and Alas in Aceh.

Based on artifacts found in North Aceh, we could deduce that a certain race had lived in Aceh, probably during the Mid Stone Age period, prior to the arrival of the Old Malay. No trace of nor descendants from this race to-day. It is most likely they have become extinct.

It has been assumed that the homelanmd of the ancestors of Acehnese, i.e. the Young Malay was in Indochina, particularly from the coastal areas of Cham and Khmer. The similarities of hundreds of words in Acehnese with those in Cham and Khmer languages have substantiated the assumption.

Ethnic Group in Aceh

There is quite a number of ethnic groups in Aceh:

Aceh, the largest, living from coastal areas to hinterland.

Gayo, in Central and Southeast Aceh.

Aneuk Jamee, in West Aceh, the southern part of South Aceh down to the coastal areas bordering with North Sumatera, and on the east coast of Banyak island.

Singkel: southeast of South Aceh.

Kluet: in the central area of South Aceh.

Alas: south of southeast Aceh.

Pulau: on Simeleu island.

Tamiang: South of Aceh.

LIST OF ACEHNESE GOVERNORS AND RESIDENTS

NO	NAME	POSITION	YEAR
1.	J.L.J.H.Pel	Militair En Civiele Bevelherber	1874-1876
2.	J.B.TH.Wiggers Van Kerchem	Militair En Civiele Bevelherber	1876
3.	A.J.E. Diamont	Militair En Civiele Bevelherber	1876 – 1877
4.	K.Van. Der Heyden	Wakil Militair En Civiele Bevelherber dan Civiele En Militair Gouverner	1877 -1881
5.	A.Prruys Van Der Hoeven	Vice Militair En Civiele Bevelherber dan Civiele En Militair Gouverner	1881 -1882
6.	P.H.F. Laging Tobias	Vice Militair En Civiele Bevelherber dan Civiele En Militair Gouverner	1882 -1884
7.	H.Demmeni	Vice Militair En Civiele Bevelherber dan Civiele En Militair Gouverner	1884 -1886
8.	M.K.F. Van Teyn	Vice Militair En Civiele Bevelherber dan Civiele En Militair Gouverner	1886 – 1891
9.	F.Pompe Van Meeder Voort	Vice Militair En Civiele Bevelherber dan Civiele En Militair Gouverner	1891 – 1892
10.	C.Deykenhoff	Civiele En Militair Gouverneur	1892 – 1896
11.	Letnan Jenderal. J.A..Vetter	Comandant Der Leger	1896 (April – Juli)
12.	J.J.K De Moulin	Civiele En Militair Gouverneur	1896 (Juli)
13.	C.V.J. Van Vliet	Civiele En Militair Gouverneur	1896 – 1898
14.	J.B.Van Heutsz	Civiele En Militair Gouverneur	1898 – 1904
15.	JHR.J.G.Van Der Wijck	Civiele En Militair Gouverneur	1904 -1905
16.	G.C.E. Van Daalen	Civiele En Militair Gouverneur	1905 -1908
17.	H.N.A.Swart	Civiele En Militair Gouverneur	1908 -1918
18.	A.G.H.Van Slutjs	Civiele Gouverneur	1918 -1923
19.	A.M. Hens	Civiele Gouverneur	1923 -1926
20.	Goedhart	Civiele Gouverneur	1926 -1930
21.	Philips	Civiele Gouverneur	1930 -1933
22.	A.PH.Van Aken	Civiele Gouverneur	1933 -1936
23.	J.Jenges Jans	Vice (fd) Gouverneu	1936 -1940
24	J.Pauw	Resident Atjeh	1940 -1942
25.	S.Tino	Atjeh Syu Tyokon	1942 -1945
26.	T.Nyak Arief	Resident Atjeh	1945 -1946
27.	T.P.P. Mohd. Ali	Vice Resident Atjeh	1946 -1956
28.	T.M.Daoed Syah	Resident Atjeh	1956
29.	Teungku Moehd.Daoed Beureuh	Governor Military Atjeh, Langkat dan Tanah Karo	1947 -1950
30.	Teungku Moehd.Daoed Beureuh	Governor of Atjeh	1950 -1951
31.	B.M.Danubroto	Resident Coordinator	1951 -1953
32.	Abdul Wahab	Resident caretaker	1953 -1954
33.	Abdul Razak	Resident Atjeh	1954 -1956
34.	Ali Hasjmy	Governor of Atjeh	1957 -1962
35.	Letkol.A.M.Namploh	Vice Governor of Daerah Istimewa Atjeh	1959 -1964
36.	Brigjen Nyak Adam Kamil	Governor of Daerah Istimewa Atjeh	1964 -1967
37.	Kolonel Hasbi Wahidy	Caretaker Governor of Daerah Istimewa Atjeh	1967 -1968
38.	A. Muzakkir Walad	Governor of Daerah Istimewa Aceh	1968 -1978
39.	Prof.A.Majid Ibrahim	Governor of Daerah Istimewa Aceh	1978 -1981
40.	H.Edi Sabara	Pj.Gubernur Kepala Daerah Istimewa Aceh	1981(April– Agustus)
41.	H.Hadi Thajeb	Governor of Daerah Istimewa Aceh	1981 -1986
42.	Prof.DR.Ibrahim Hasan,MBA	Governor of Daerah Istimewa Aceh	1986 – 26 Mei 1993
43.	Prof.DR. Syamsuddin Mahmud	Governor of Daerah Istimewa Aceh	26 Mei 1993 -21 Juni 2000
44.	Ramli Ridwan, SH	Caretaker Governor of Daerah Istimewa Aceh	21 Juni 2000 -25 Nop 2000
45.	Ir.H.Abdullah Puteh,M.Si		25 Nop 2000 – 2004
46.	Ir. H. Azwar Abubakar, MM	Caretaker Governor of Daerah Istimewa Aceh	2004 – 2006
47.	DR. Mustafa Abubakar	Caretaker Governor of Daerah Istimewa Aceh	2006 – 2007
48	drh,Irwandi Yusuf, Msc	Governor Of Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam	2007 – Now